Genetically modified organism

Genetically modified organism: an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. All of the fruit in the bowl are considered genetically modified food because their genetic material has been altered to make them look perfect.

Detritivore

Detritivore: are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus. A worm is considered a detritivore because it eats dirt.

Basidiomycota

Basidiomycota: is one of the two large phyla that, together with the ascomycota, compromise the subkingdom Dikarya within the Kingdom fungi. Mushrooms are considered to be a part of the basidiomycota division.

Ascomycota

Ascomycota: a Division/Phylum of the kingdom Fungi, and subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as Sac fungi. The brown on the orange is a type of ascomycota.

Amniotic Egg

Amniotic egg: eggs produced by monotremes, birds, and reptiles that protect the developing organism, as well as aid in gas and energy exchange. A chicken egg is considered to be an amniotic egg.

Xylem

Xylem: is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants. The stem of a flower is considered the xylem.

Stigma and style of carpel

Stigma and style of carpel: Stigma is the sticky tip of a pistil. Style is the part of the female reproductive structure in the carpel of a flower; formed from the ovary wall. The plant shows the stigma and the style of the carpel.

Population

Population: all organisms that belong to the same species and live in the same geographical area. The group of flowers in the picture all belong to the same species and are located in the same place.

Pollenator

Pollenator: the biotic agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization. Bee's are considered to be pollenators.

Pollen

Pollen: a fine to coarse powder containing the microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce the male gametes. Roses are a type of plant that produces pollen to reproduce.

oligotrophic

Oligotrophic: Lacking in plant nutrients and having a large amount of dissolved oxygen throughout. A lake or pond is considered to be oligotrophic.

Mutualism

Mutualism: the way two organisms biologically interact where each indiviual derives a fitness benefit. A butterfly gets food from the flower and it also carries away the pollen to help the flower reproduce.

Long-day plants

Long-day plants: are those that require long period of exposure to light each day in order to produce flowers. Spinach is considered to be a long-day plant because it requires a lot of sunlight.

Lichen

Lichen: are composite organisms consisting of a symbiotic association of a fungus with a photosynthetic partner. A moss is a type of fungus and is considered a lichen.

Heterotroph

Heterotroph: an organism that cannot fix carbon and uses organic compound for growth. Turtles eat plants that contain the organic compounds needed for it to grow.

Hermaphrodite

Hermaphrodite: an organism that has reproductive organs normally associated with male and femal sexes. Slugs are considered hermaphrodites.

Gymnosperm leaf

Gymnosperm leaf: group of seed-bearing plants. Pine needles are gymnosperms leaves.

Gymnosperm cone

Gymnosperm cone: group of seed-bearing plants. Pine trees contain pine cones, which are gymnosperm.

Gravitropism

Gravitropism: a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. Some of the plants in the picture are growing downwards as a result of gravity.

Glycogen

Glycogen: a molecule that serves as the secondary long-term energy storage in animal and fungal cells, with primary energy stores being help in adipose tissue. Glycogen can be found in muscles.

Gibberellin

Gibberellin: plant hormones that regulate growth and influence various developmental processes. Grapevines contain gibberellin to help them grow.

Genetic variation within and population

genetic variation within a population: differences within the same population that alter the genetic makeup of the organism. The population of flowers has genetic variation within it.

Gametophyte

Gametophyte: the haploid, mutlicellular phase of plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations, with each of its cells containing only a single set of chromosomes. In mosses the gametophyte is the commonly known phase of the plant.

Frond

Frond: a large, divided leaf. Palm trees have frond leaves.

Flower ovary

Flower ovary: part of the female repoductive organs of the flower. It is the part of the pistil which holds the ovule and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the base of the petals and sepals. All flowers have an ovary.

Exoskeleton

Exoskeleton: an external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body. Clams have an exoskeleton to protect their inner body.

Epithelial tissue

Epithelial tissue: lines the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body, and also form many glands. Skin is a type of epithelial tissue.

Epiphyte

Epiphyte: a plant that grows upon another plant non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object. Moss is a type of epiphyte.

Ethylene

Ethylene: a gaseous organic compound. It is usually associated with fruit ripening and the tripple response. Ethylene is used to ripen any fruit, like mangos.

Endotherm

Endotherm: an organism that produces heat through internal means, such as muscle shivering or increasing its metabolism. A hamster is a kind of endotherm.

Endosperm

Endosperm: the tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants around the time of fertilization.
Sunflowers have seeds that contain endosperm.

Ectotherm

Ectotherm: organisms that control body temperature through external means. A lizard is a type of ectotherm.

Cuticle layer of a plant

Cuticle layer of a plant: a protective waxy covering produced by the epidermal cells or leaves. The leaf in the picture contains a cuticle layer.

Connective tissue

Connective tissue: is a fibrous tissue found throughout the body. It makes up the tendons, blood, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, and lymphatic tissue. There is connective tissues in your hand.

Commensalism

Commensalism: a class of relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits but the other is neutral. If I were to eat this mango I would gain nutrients that my body needs, but the mango gains nothing or is neutral.

Bilateral Symmetry

Bilateral symmetry: divides an organism into roughly mirror image halves. Butterflies have bilateral symmetry.

Auxin

Auxin: a class of hormones with some morphogen-like characteristics. They have a cardinal role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in the plant's life cycle and are essential for the plant body development. Plant buds need auxins to grow into flowers.

Fermentation

Fermentation: process of extracting energy from the oxidation of organic compounds and using an endogenous electron adaptor. Bread undergoes fermentation

Collenchyma cells

Collenchyma cells: are alive at maturity and have only a primary wall. Celery contains collenchyma cells.

Abscisic Acid

Abscisic acid: is a plant hormone. The plant above contains abscisic acid.

Autotroph

Autotroph: an organism that produces complex organic compounds from simple inorganic molecules using energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions. Corn is a type of plant that goes through photosynthesis to produce complex organic compounds.

Animal with segmented body

animal with segmented body: a body divided into segments that are often grouped into larger functional groups. A bee has a segemented body as do most anthropods.

asexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction: the formation of new individuals from the cell(s) of a single parent. Roses are a type of plant that undergoes asexual reproduction